Global Migration: Causes and Consequences (2024)

Abreu, A. (2012). The New Economics of Labor Migration: Beware of Neoclassicals Bearing Gifts. Forum for Social Economics, 41(1), 46–67.

Acosta, P., Calderon, C., Fajnzybler, P., & Lopez, H. (2008). What Is the Impact of International Remittances on Poverty and Inequality in Latin America? World Development, 36(1), 89–114.

Adams, R., Jr. (2011). Evaluating the Economic Impact of International Remittances on Developing Countries Using Household Surveys: A Literature Review. Journal of Development Studies, 47(6), 809–828.

Adams, R., Jr., & Cuecuecha, A. (2010). Remittances, Household Expenditure and Investment in Guatemala. World Development, 38(11), 1626–1641.

Adams, R., Jr., & Page, J. (2005). Do International Migration and Remittances Reduce Poverty in Developing Countries? World Development, 33(10), 1645–1669.

Ahmed, F. Z. (2012). The Perils of Unearned Foreign Income: Aid, Remittances, and Government Survival. American Political Science Review, 106(1), 146–165.

Akerman, S. (1976). Theories and Methods of Migration Research. In H. Runblom & H. Norman (Eds.), From Sweden to America: A History of the Migration. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.

Aubry, A., Rapoport, H., & Reshef, A. (2016). Migration, FDI, and the Margins of Trade. Mimeo. Paris School of Economics.

Aydemir, A., & Robinson, C. (2008). Global Labour Markets, Return, and Onward Migration. Canadian Journal of Economics, 41(4), 1285–1311.

Böcker, A. (1994). Chain Migration over Legally Closed Borders: Settled Immigrants as Bridgeheads and Gatekeepers. Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences, 30(2), 87–106.

Borjas, G. J. (1989). Economic Theory and International Migration. International Migration Review, 23(3), 457–485.

Borjas, G. J., & Bratsberg, B. (1996). Who Leaves? The Outmigration of the Foreign-Born. Review of Economics and Statistics, 41(4), 610–621.

Bratsberg, B., Raaum, O., & Sørlie, K. (2007). Foreign-Born Migration to and from Norway. In Ç. Özden & M. Schiff (Eds.), International Migration, Economic Development and Policy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.

Brücker, H., & Schröder, P. J. H. (2011). Migration regulation contagion. European Union Politics, 12(3), 315–335.

Cai, R., Esipova, N., Oppenheimer, M., & Feng, S. (2014). International Migration Desires Related to Subjective Well-Being. IZA Journal of Migration, 3(8), 1–20.

Castles, S. (2004). Why Migration Policies Fail. Ethnic and Racial Studies, 27(2), 205–227.

Cazzuffi, C., & Modrego, F. (2018). Place of Origin and Internal Migration Decisions in Mexico. Spatial Economic Analysis, 13(1), 1–19.

Clark, X., Hatton, T. J., & Williamson, J. G. (2007). Explaining US Immigration, 1971–1998. Review of Economics and Statistics, 89(2), 359–373.

Collyer, M. (2006). When Do Social Networks Fail to Explain Migration? Accounting for the Movement of Algerian Asylum-Seekers to the UK. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 31(4), 699–718.

Constant, A., & Massey, D. S. (2002). Return Migration by German Guestworkers: Neoclassical versus New Economic Theories. International Migration, 40(4), 5–38.

Cooray, A., & Schneider, F. (2016). Does Corruption Promote Emigration? An Empirical Examination. Journal of Population Economics, 29, 293–310.

Cornelius, W. A., & Tsuda, T. (2004). Controlling Immigration: The Limits of Government Intervention. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Cowen, R. (1997). Global Diasporas: An Introduction. London: Routledge.

Czaika, M., & de Haas, H. (2016). The Effect of Visas on Migration Processes. International Migration Review, 51(4), 893–926.

Dao, T. H., Docquier, F., Parsons, C., & Peri, G. (2018). Migration and Development: Dissecting the Anatomy of the Mobility Transition. Journal of Development Economics, 132, 88–101.

De Haas, H. (2007). Turning the Tide? Why Development Will Not Stop Migration. Development and Change, 38, 819–841.

Dimant, E., Krieger, T., & Meierrieks, D. (2013). The Effect of Corruption on Migration, 1985–2000. Applied Economics Letters, 20(13), 1270–1274.

Djajic, S., & Michael, M. S. (2014). Controlling Illegal Immigration: On the Scope for Cooperation with a Transit Country. Review of International Economics, 22(4), 808–824.

Djajic, S., & Michael, M. S. (2016). Illegal Immigration, Foreign Aid, and the Transit Countries. CESifo Economic Studies, 572–593.

Dumont, J.-C., & Spielvogel, G. (2008). Return Migration: A New Perspective. International Migration Outlook 2008. OECD, 166–212.

Dustmann, C., & Okatenko, A. (2014). Out-Migration, Wealth Constraints, and the Quality of Local Amenities. Journal of Development Economics, 110, 52–63.

Dustmann, C., & Weiss, Y. (2007). Return Migration: Theory and Empirical Evidence from the UK. British Journal of Industrial Relations, 45(2), 236–256.

Duvell, F. (2012). Transit Migration: A Blurred and Politicized Concept. Population, Space and Place, 18, 415–427.

Easterlin, R. A. (1961). Influences in European Overseas Emigration Before World War I. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 9(3), 331–351.

Epstein, G. (2008). Herd and Network Effects in Migration Decision-Making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4), 567–583.

Epstein, G., & Gang, I. (2006). The Influence of Others on Migration Plans. Review of Development Economics, 10(4), 652–665.

Escriba-Folch, A., Meseguer, C., & Wright, J. (2015). Remittances and Democratization. International Studies Quarterly, 59(3), 571–586.

Faist, T. (2000). The Volume and Dynamics of International Migration and Transnational Social Space. New York: Oxford University Press.

Fitzgerald, J., Leblang, D., & tee*ts, J. C. (2014). Defying the Law of Gravity: The Political Economy of International Migration. World Politics, 66(3), 406–445.

Fussel, E. (2010). The Cumulative Causation of International Migration in Latin America. Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 630, 162–177.

Fussel, E., & Massey, D. (2004). The Limits to Cumulative Causation: International Migration from Mexican Urban Areas. Demography, 41(1), 151–171.

Gindling, T. H. (2009). South­–South Migration: The Impact of Nicaraguan Immigrants on Earnings, Inequality, and Poverty in Costa Rica. World Development, 37(1), 116–126.

Gould, J. D. (1979). European Inter-Continental Emigration 1815–1914: Patterns and Causes. Journal of European Economic History, 8(3), 593–679.

Greif, A. (1989). Reputation and Coalitions in Medieval Trade: Evidence on the Maghribi Traders. Journal of Economic History, 49(4), 857–882.

Greif, A. (1993). Contract Enforceability and Economic Institutions in Early Trade: The Maghribi Traders’ Coalition. American Economic Review, 83(3), 525–548.

Grogger, J., & Hanson, G. H. (2011). Income Maximization and the Selection and Sorting of International Migrants. Journal of Development Economics, 95, 42–57.

Gupta, S., Davoodi, H., & Tiongson, E. (2001). Corruption and the Provision of Healthcare and Education Services. In A. Jain (Ed.), The Political Economy of Corruption. New York: Routledge.

Hainmueller, J., & Hiscox, M. J. (2010). Attitudes toward Highly Skilled and Low-Skilled Immigration: Evidence from a Survey Experiment. American Political Science Review, 104(1), 61–84.

Hainmueller, J., & Hopkins, D. J. (2015). The Hidden Immigration Consensus: A Conjoint Analysis of Attitudes toward Immigrants. American Journal of Political Science, 59(3), 529–548.

Harris, J. R., & Todaro, M. P. (1970). Migration, Unemployment and Development: A Two-Sector Analysis. American Economic Review, 60(1), 126–142.

Hatton, T. J., & Williamson, J. G. (1994). What Drove the Mass Migrations from Europe in the Late Nineteenth Century? Population and Development Review, 20(3), 533–559.

Hatton, T. J., & Williamson, J. G. (2011). Are Third World Emigration Forces Abating? World Development, 39(1), 20–32.

Haug, S. (2008). Migration Networks and Migration Decision-Making. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, 34(4), 585–605.

Helbling, M., Bjerre, L., Römer, F., & Zobel, M. (2017). Measuring Immigration Policies: The IMPIC-Database. European Political Science, 16(1), 79–98.

Helbling, M., & Leblang, D. (forthcoming). Controlling Immigration? European Journal of Political Research.

Hirschman, A. O. (1970). Exit, Voice, and Loyalty: Responses to Decline in Firms, Organizations, and Sates. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Hirsh, A. O. (1978). “Exit, Voice, and the State.” World Politics, 31(1), 90–107.

Hujo, K., & Piper, N. (2007). South–South Migration: Challenges for Development and Social Policy. Development, 50(4), 1–7.

Javorcik, B., Özden, C., Spatareanu, M., & Neagu, C. (2011). Migrant Networks and Foreign Direct Investment. Journal of Development Economics, 94, 231–241.

Kahana, N., & Lecker, T. (2005). Competition as a Track for Preventing Illegal Immigration. Economics of Governance, 6, 33–39.

Kapur, D. (2014). Political Effects of International Migration. Annual Review of Political Science, 17, 479–502.

Leblang, D. (2010). Familiarity Breeds Investment: Diaspora Networks and International Investment. American Political Science Review, 104(3), 584–600.

Leblang, D. (2017). Harnessing the Diaspora: Dual Citizenship, Migrant Return, and Remittances. Comparative Political Studies, 50(1), 75–101.

Lewis, A. W. (1954). Economic Development with Unlimited Supplies of Labor. The Manchester School, 22(2), 139–191.

Lichter, D. T. (1983). Socioeconomic Returns to Migration among Married Women. Social Forces, 62(2), 487–503.

Light, I., Bernard, R. B., & Kim, R. (1999). Immigrant Incorporation in the Garment Industry of Los Angeles. International Migration Review, 33(1), 5–25.

Lokshin, M., Bontch-Osmolovski, M., & Glinskaya, E. (2010). Work-Related Migration and Poverty Reduction in Nepal. Review of Development Economics, 14(2), 323–332.

Massey, D. S. (1988). Economic Development and International Migration in Comparative Perspective. Population and Development Review, 14(3), 383–413.

Massey, D. S. (1990). Social Structure, Household Strategies, and the Cumulative Causation of Migration. Population Index, 56(1), 3–26.

Massey, D. S., Arango, J., Hugo, G., Kouaouci, A., Pellegrino, A., & Taylor, J. E. (1993). Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal. Population and Development Review, 19(3), 431–466.

Massey, D. S., & Garcia España, F. (1987). The Social Process of International Migration. Science, 237(4816), 733–738.

Mauro, P. (1998). Corruption and the Composition of Government Expenditure. Journal of Public Economics, 69, 263–279.

Menjivar, C. (2014). Immigration Law Beyond Borders: Externalizing and Internalizing Border Controls in an Era of Securitization. Annual Review of Law and Social Science, 10, 353–369.

Messina, A. M. (2007). The Logics and Politics of Post-WWII Migration to Western Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Mincer, J. (1978). Family Migration Decisions. Journal of Political Economy, 86(51), 749–773.

Mo, P. H. (2001). Corruption and Economic Growth. Journal of Comparative Economics, 29, 66–79.

Money, J. (1999). Fences and Neighbors: The Political Geography of Immigration Control. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press.

Morrison, D. R., & Lichter, D. T. (1988). Migration and Female Employment. Journal of Marriage and Family, 50(1), 161–172.

Natter, K. (2013). The Formation of Morocco’s Policy Towards Irregular Migration (2000–2007): Political Rationale and Policy Processes. International Migration, 52(5), 15–28.

Nikolova, M., & Graham, C. (2015). Well-Being and Emigration Intentions: New Evidence from the Gallup World Poll. Unpublished manuscript.

Nyblade, B., & O’Mahony, A. (2014). Migrants Remittances and Home Country Elections: Cross-National and Subnational Evidence. Studies in Comparative International Development, 49(1), 44–66.

O’Mahony, A. (2012). Political Investment: Remittances and Elections. British Journal of Political Science, 43(4), 799–820.

Ortega, F., & Peri, G. (2013). The Effect of Income and immigration Policies on International Migration. Migration Studies, 1(1), 47–74.

Otrachshenko, V., & Popova, O. (2014). Life (Dis)satisfaction and the Intention to Migrate: Evidence from Central and Eastern Europe. Journal of Socio-Economics, 48, 40–49.

Peters, M. (2017). Trading Barriers: Immigration and the Remaking of Globalization. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Poprawe, M. (2015). On the Relationship between Corruption and Migration: Evidence from a Gravity Model of Migration. Public Choice, 163, 337–354.

Portes, A. (Ed.). (1995). The Economic Sociology of Immigration. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Portes, A., & Böröcz, J. (1989). Contemporary Immigration: Theoretical Perspectives on its Determinant and Modes of Incorporation. International Migration Review, 23(3), 606–630.

Rapoport, H., & Docquier, F. (2006). The Economics of Migrants’ Remittances. In S.-C. Kolm & J. M. Ythier (Eds.), Handbook on the Economics of Giving, Altruism and Reciprocity. New York: Elsevier-North Holland.

Rauch, J. E., & Trindade, V. (2002). Ethnic Chinese Networks in International Trade. Review of Economics and Statistics, 84(1), 116–130.

Ravenstein, E. G. (1885). The Laws of Migration. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society of London, 48(2), 167–235.

Sassen, S. (1995). Immigration and Local Labour Markets. In A. Portes (Ed.), The Economic Sociology of Immigration. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Sassen, S. (1996). Losing Control? Sovereignty in the Age of Globalization. New York: Columbia University Press.

Schultz, T. W. (1961). Investment in Human Capital. American Economic Review, 51(1), 1–17.

Sjaastad, L. A. (1962). The Costs and Returns of Human Migration. Journal of Political Economy, 70(5), 80–93.

Stark, O. (1984). Rural-To-Urban Migration in LDCs: A Relative Deprivation Approach. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 32(3), 475–486.

Stark, O., & Bloom, D. E. (1985). The New Economics of Labor Migration. American Economic Review, 75(2), 173–178.

Stark, O., & Levhari, D. (1982). On Migration and Risk in LDCs. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 31(1), 191–196.

Stark, O., & Taylor, J. E. (1991). Migration Incentives, Migration Types: The Role of Relative Deprivation. The Economic Journal, 101(408), 1163–1178.

Stark, O., & Yitzhaki, S. (1988). Migration as a Response to Relative Deprivation. Journal of Population Economics, 1(1), 57–70.

Taylor, J. E. (1999). The New Economics of Labour Migration and the Role of Remittances in the Migration Process. International Migration, 37(1), 63–88.

Todaro, M. P. (1969). A Model of Labor Migration and Urban Employment in Less Developed Countries. American Economic Review, 59(1), 138–148.

Tomaske, J. A. (1971). The Determinants of Intercountry Differences in European Emigration: 1881–1900. Journal of Economic History, 31(4), 840–853.

United Nations Population Division. (2013). International Migration: Age and Sex Distribution. Population Facts, September.

Vanderkamp, J. (1971). Migration Flows, Their Determinants and the Effects of Return Migration. Journal of Political Economy, 79(5), 1012–1031.

Vertovec, S. (2004). Migrant Transnationalism and Modes of Transformation. International Migration Review, 38(3), 970–1001.

Waldinger, R. (2008). Between “Here” and “There”: Immigrant Cross-Border Activities and Loyalties. International Migration Review, 42(Spring), 3–29.

Weidenbaum, M., & Hughes, S. (1996). The Bamboo Network: How Expatriate Chinese Entrepreneurs are Creating a New Economic Superpower in Asia. New York: Martin Kessler Books.

Yang, D. (2008). International Migration, Remittances, and Household Investment: Evidence from Philippine Migrants’ Exchange Rate Shocks. The Economic Journal, 118(528), 591–630.

Yang, D., & Martinez, C. (2006). Remittances and Poverty in Migrants Home Areas: Evidence from the Philippines. In C. Ozden & M. Schiff (Eds.), International Migration, Remittances and the Brain Drain. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Zelinsky, W. (1971). The Hypothesis of the Mobility Transition. Geographical Review, 61(2), 219–249.